BASE 2

 1011 0101 1100 0101 1001 1100 1111 0110


BASE 16 - Hexadecimal

 range of values 0-15
 digits: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  A  B  C  D  E  F

                              10 11 12 13 14 15


 Base 2:  0000 ==> 0 (Base 16)
          1111 ==> F (Base 16)
          
         8421 8421 8421 8421 8421 8421 8421 8421
Base 2:  1011 0101 1100 0101 1001 1100 1111 0110
Base 10:  11    5   12    5   9     12   15   6
Base 16:   B    5    C    5   9      C    F   6

Base 2:
 10110101110001011001110011110110


  ==>  0xB5C59CF6

               7           6
   ==> (11 * 16 ) + (5 * 16 ) + ...





 Write a C++ program to ask the user to
   input a radius value and a height.

 Calculate (and output) the volume of a cylinder.
#define PI 3.1415927                    ==> cone
---------------------------------------------------
 Write a currency conversion program.
 Input a US dollar amount and convert to Euros
   and other currencies.


 



 12 + 2 * 5 - 8 ==> 14

 order of operations

 12 + 2 * 5 - 8 / 3 + 6 ==> 12 + 10 - 2 + 6 ==> 26



 (12 + 2) * 5 - 8 ==> 62


 order of operations (highest precedence to lowest):
 --  parentheses (from innermost to outermost)
 --  exponents
 --  unary - or +
 --  * / %
 --  + -

 int x = 3;
 (12 * (8 - 6)) * x ==> 72

 (12 * (8 - 6)) * -x ==> -72


 mod operator:
 x = 5 % 2;  // remainder AFTER integer division (e.g. 1)

  double r = 1;
  r = (19 - (-sqrt(4.0 + 5.0) / -r)) * (18 + 7 % 4 * 3 - 1);

//r = (19 - (-sqrt(9.0) / -r)) * (18 + 7 % 4 * 3 - 1)
//r = (19 - (-3.0 / -r)) * (18 + 7 % 4 * 3 - 1)
//r = (19 - (-3.0 / -1.0)) * (18 + 7 % 4 * 3 - 1)
//r = (19 - 3.0) * (18 + 7 % 4 * 3 - 1)
//r = (16.0) * (18 + 7 % 4 * 3 - 1)
//r = (16.0) * (18 + 3 * 3 - 1)
//r = (16.0) * (18 + 9 - 1)
//r = (16.0) * (26)
//r = 416.0

  r = 160   416

------------------------------------------------------------

  int sum = 0;
  int value = 13;

  sum = sum + value;  // always start by "solving" the rhs of =
//       0  +   13
//sum <==   13

  int value = 26;
  sum = sum + value;
//       13 +   26
//sum <==   39

  sum += value;  // equivalent to  sum = sum + value
  //  also  *=  -=  /=

  int count = 0;
  count = count + 1;  // add 1 to variable count
  count += 1;         // add 1 to variable count
  count++;            // add 1 to variable count
  ++count;            // add 1 to variable count

  count = count - 1;  // subtract 1 to variable count
  count -= 1;         // subtract 1 to variable count
  count--;            // subtract 1 to variable count
  --count;            // subtract 1 to variable count
  
  int x = 10, difference = 100;
  difference = difference - x;
  p = p * q;