#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    string word;
    cout << "Enter a word followed by two ints: ";
    cin >> word;

    int x, y;
    cin >> x >> y;

//    string entire_line;
//    cin.getline( entire_line, 1000 );
    // getline() reads a line of input, including whitespace
    //   characters -- i.e. until user hits ENTER or 1000 characters
    //                      are entered....
//    cout << "Here's what you typed in:\n";
//    cout << entire_line << endl;



    if ( word == "favorite" )
    {
        cout << "That's my favorite, too!\n";
    }

    // word:
    //   [0]   [1]   [2]   [3]   [4]   [5]   [6]   [7]
    // -------------------------------------------------
    // |  f  |  a  |  v  |  o  |  r  |  i  |  t  |  e  |
    // -------------------------------------------------

    cout << "Length: " << word.length() << endl;

    // use subscript (or []) notation to access individual char
    cout << "The first character is: " << word[0] << endl;

    cout << "The third character is: " << word[2] << endl;

    // the last character is indexed by length minus one
    cout << "The last character is: " << word[ word.length() - 1 ] << endl;

    int len = (int)word.length();
    cout << "Again, the last char is: " << word[ len-1 ] << endl;

    // LOOPS
    // (1) initialization
    int index = 0;

        // (2) condition
    while ( index < word.length() )
    {
        // loop body
        cout << word[ index ] << endl;

        // (3) update
        index++;    // add 1 to index
    }
    // word:
    //   [0]   [1]   [2]   [3]   [4]   [5]   [6]   [7]
    // -------------------------------------------------
    // |  f  |  a  |  v  |  o  |  r  |  i  |  t  |  e  |
    // -------------------------------------------------


    // for loop combines the three required parts into one line
    for ( int index = 0 ; index < word.length() ; index++ )
    {
        // loop body:
        cout << "==> " << word[ index ] << endl;
    }




    // count from 1 to 100:
    int i = 1;
    while ( i <= 100 )
    {
        cout << i << ' ';
        i++;
    }

    for ( int i = 1 ; i <= 100 ; i++ )
    {
        cout << i << ' ';
    }

    // sum the numbers 1 to 100:
    int sum = 0;
    for ( int i = 1 ; i <= 100 ; i++ )
    {
        sum += i;    // sum = sum + i;
    }
    cout << "The sum is: " << sum << endl;

    // conditions of: if while for
    //   ==  !=  <  <=  >  >=

    


    return 0;
}